According to AAIDD, Intellectual disability is a disability
characterized by significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior, which covers many everyday social and practical
skills. The
impairment in adaptive behavior may be either a deficit behavior or as excess
behavior.
Persons with intellectual
disability may lack adaptive behavior. These may be poor speech development, inability
to attend bowel and bladder need without assistance, inability to attend to one
activity for a long time, inability to eat by oneself etc. these are called
behavior Deficits. They have to be
learnt or the deficit has to be made up for effective functioning. Behavior
modification programmes should be implemented to correct the impairment in the
adaptive behavior.
Behavior modification
programmes follow a self-correcting approach. The problems are clearly defined,
the data is gathered before and during the treatment programme, the evaluation
of the treatment is made and in cases of failure, the treatment procedures are
modified.